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Energy audit refers to the process of evaluating the energy uses of a building or plant/industry and thereafter identifying opportunities through which energy can be saved. It forms part of the overall energy management process and is a vital component in the overall outcome of an energy conservation effort.

Apart from energy conservation, the energy audit process also aims at cutting production costs thus maximizing on profitability. Energy audit can be carried out in any premises; homes, schools, small business, firms etc. The Kenya government, through the energy regulation act 2012, has made it mandatory for any premises that consumes more than 180,000 KWh annually to conduct energy audit at least once in every three years.

 Importance of energy audit.

Improving energy efficiency is important for a number of reasons:

  • Reduces energy wastage by identifying and eliminating areas where energy is wasted
  • Fuel bills are reduced making the business more profitable and competitive
  • Comfort levels are increased for staff which can improve productivity
  • Energy usage is reduced which reduces emissions of carbon dioxide and therefore helps in sustainability goals

 Steps of energy audit.

Energy audit involves the following four steps.

  1. Desktop study – Also called benchmarking is a process where the auditor studies the available documents. This helps to identify excessive wastage or runaway cost. Among the data to be study include;
  • Energy used e.g. KWh, liters of diesel, liters of HFO, Kg of LPG, M3 of water used etc.
  • Cost of the energy consumed.
  1. Walk – through audit – The auditor is required to take a walk through to familiarize with the premises. This walk through will help in identifying possible energy saving areas.
  2. Detailed audit – Also called complete audit, it involves using special energy audit equipment and specific techniques to do detailed evaluation of energy usage in an equipment or system. Logging equipment are connected to the system being audited to record instant data of energy usage over a period of time. Some energy audit tools will show the point of energy wastage e.g. steam leaks, compressed air leaks etc.
  1. Report writing – All the data obtained from the above steps is analyzed. This will then be used to identify the areas where energy saving can be done. Using engineering financial techniques, the cost of the project is calculated also the payback period and ROI (Return On Investment) are calculated. From the calculation, the investment plan can then be drawn where the projects with high ROI and short payback period are given first priority.
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